By Trudi Elliot CBE, CAP Patron < Back CAP Awards and Young Planners Essay Competition 28 July 2020 By Trudi Elliot CBE, CAP Patron The Commonwealth Association of Planners (CAP) Awards for Outstanding Planning Achievement in the Commonwealth seek to champion the best examples of planning practice in the Commonwealth. The Young planners essay competition has sought over many years to show case the innovation and solution focus of planners across the Commonwealth in the early stages of their professional lives. The Commonwealth Association of Planners (CAP) Awards for Outstanding Planning Achievement in the Commonwealth seek to champion the best examples of planning practice in the Commonwealth. The Awards aim to disseminate outstanding Commonwealth planning practice, highlight applicability across different Commonwealth countries and demonstrate the valuable role that planners and planning have in helping to create resilient and sustainable communities and adequate shelter for all in the Commonwealth. The Young planners essay competition has sought over many years to show case the innovation and solution focus of planners across the Commonwealth in the early stages of their professional lives. CAP has seen both as having a valuable role in promoting the ways in which the science and art of planning can benefit the public and improve the well-being of society in the Commonwealth. Clearly this is even more important at this time of global stress as we grapple with the short and long term effects Covid-19, the climate emergency and the aspiration of building an equitable world for all as laid out in UN sustainable development goals. Whilst the young planners essay competition is long established CAP launched its first wider planning awards in 2018 and received 20 entries from 6 CAP countries. In 2019 the volume of entries increased to 30 from the following Ghana, Canada, New Zealand, Australia, Sierra Leone, British Virgin Islands, Dominica, St Lucia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Antigua and Barbuda, St Vincent & the Grenadines. The resulting award winners can be found on the CAP website here . Entries for both have underlined the diversity of challenges and planning solutions and the role planners can play different in settings, policy contexts and resource environments across the commonwealth and the lessons that can be shared. This year the Young Planners essay competition theme is “Post Covid Building Resilience: The Role of Planners in the Commonwealth.” The Covid-19 global pandemic has put an immense pressure on all facets of human settlements. The impact of the crisis has been compounded by the pre-existing myriad complex challenges in communities. As the governments of the Commonwealth countries ease lockdown measures, this situation presents an opportunity to establish safe, resilient, inclusive and healthy human settlements. It demands meaningful engagement across communities, disciplines and sectors. It is time to consider the vital role of planning in rebuilding our human settlements. Young Planners have a crucial responsibility to contribute to rebuilding the economies and human settlements sustainably without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. For 2020 CAP has decided to have 5 award categories to build on past success and encourage a diversity of entries including from places and planners who might not have thought to enter before. The categories chosen build on the breadth of previous entries and are particularly important to what planners and the communities they serve are grappling with in the Commonwealth: Planning for the climate emergency The Climate emergency is a critical global challenge. This award will recognise the role planning and planners can play addressing it within the Commonwealth. Planning for cities and human settlements/ plan making in the Commonwealth This award will recognise the role that plans, plan making, and the delivery of a plan can make to planning for cities and human settlements within the commonwealth. Planning with limited/scarce resources This is a key issue within the Commonwealth this award will demonstrate that often despite serious resource constraints planning within the commonwealth can make a key difference. Commonwealth Planning Inclusion /diversity /engagement This award will show case both practical innovative approaches that promote meaningful engagement in planning and encourage inclusive approach that reflects the diverse experience and needs of communities and individuals. Women in Planning This award will showcase those projects that exemplify the values and objectives put forth in the Commonwealth Women in Planning Manifesto . It will showcase plans, policies, and programs that support the specific needs of self-identified women who are living and working in the built environment. As an International organisation CAP is used to running both competitions virtually so we are able to run both this year and are launching our call for entries. Details of both together with entry forms and guidance are available on the CAP website (insert link). We have increased the number of judges who come from different Commonwealth institutes and different sectors. We are grateful to them all. There has never been a more important time to share the best of planning, to celebrate what planners can do and to learn from the innovation, resolve and professionalism we see in the entries. Entering can also help entrants reflect on what they achieved, what they did, what they learnt and what difference a project, activity or collaboration made. The award winners and commendations will be announced at a virtual event supporting World Town Planning Day which is on 8th November 2020. We look forward to receiving your entry. Previous Back to Top Next

18 January 2016 < Back Good Planning Makes Societies More Resilient 18 January 2016 Dyan Currie and Clive Harridge, President and Secretary-General, respectively, of the Commonwealth Association of Planners (CAP), were recently in Malta to attend the Commonwealth People’s Forum (CPF) in the run up to the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM). The Malta Chamber of Planners (MACP) met with both Dyan and Clive and had the opportunity to exchange views on current planning issues, particularly with reference to Malta. The CAP represents over 40,000 planners worldwide and plays a leading role in developing the planning profession throughout the countries of the Commonwealth. The MACP forms part of the European section of CAP which also includes the Royal Town Planning Institute (UK) and the Cyprus Association of Town Planners. The main theme of this year’s CPF was ‘What makes societies resilient?’. This is a crucial current theme in view of issues relating particularly to climate change, increased urbanisation and poverty, issues very relevant to Malta. As Dyan clearly pointed out in her address at the CPF, proper planning is an important tool to ensure that strong societies are developed, societies which are resilient and can meet the challenges that the future may bring in a sustainable manner. According to Dyan ‘Good planning is the best way to manage urban growth, to secure the necessary infrastructure investment, determine appropriate settlement patterns for our cities and towns and to generate economic development that contributes positively to the well being of communities and the natural environments.’ The Planning Institute of Australia, had run a programme called ‘Planning Matters’. This programme, aimed at public and private sector organisations as well as the general public, sought to promote a better understanding towards the importance of planning as a discipline and as a crucial tool for sustainable development as well as create a greater understanding towards and support for the work of planners. This view is also strongly expressed by the Royal Town Planning Institute’s publication ‘Delivering Better Development: The role of the urban and rural planner’. Planning seeks to positively manage development through the creation of good policies and practical solutions for managing development, supporting economic growth and access to jobs whilst protecting the environment and building sustainably with the aim to improve places for the local communities. This is certainly not an easy task, particularly for Malta, and the more the country weakens its planning structures and mechanisms, the greater will be the problems faced in the future. Proper planning principles, in Malta, are often challenged by strong, well-resourced lobby groups representing commercial interests, which are often favourably considered by short sighted politicians at the expense of sustainable development. Despite the rhetoric, many a time, these developments have turned out to be speculative in nature, profitable only to their promoters and counter to the enhancement of the quality of both the environment and the life of the local community. Misjudged or flawed planning decisions, which may or may have not been taken intentionally and equally detrimental reluctance in the application of what may have seemed unpopular, have in the past resulted in a number of serious problems, particularly with regard to traffic congestion and safety, urban sprawl, pollution and overdevelopment. A lax application of planning policy, and a laissez faire attitude, have in general led to ‘market failure’. In land use planning it is fundamental to take good decisions in a timely manner and which are neither too rash and ill-thought nor unnecessarily protracted and damaging to the competitiveness of enterprise. Changes in the legislation to entrust greater power to the few rather than focusing on subsidiarity, community engagement and sustainability, will not only result in higher costs to the society to sustain infrastructure and public services, amongst others, but will also widen the divide between those who have and those who have not, increasing the possibility in future of greater dependency on the state and increased poverty, thus undermining society’s resilience. The Malta Declaration on Governance for Resilience which emerged from the CPF and presented to the Commonwealth Heads of Government states the following: ‘Achieving resilient urbanisation and planning for sustainable human settlements requires inclusive people’s participation. An ultimate goal in planning for resilient urbanisation is to work with governments and communities to ensure informed decisions are made in a democratic process. Planning for resilience is not a neutral technocratic process, but an inclusive one, bringing all stakeholders to the table.’ A weakening of proper people’s participation in the planning process decreases society’s resilience and Government is responsible to ensure that structures for public participation are transparent and strengthened. After all the setting up of the Small States Centre for Excellence, which was announced during last month’s CHOGM, aims to support efforts towards sustainable development planning, disaster risk planning and sustainable development. It is hoped that this newly formed centre will live up to its aims in a genuine effort to achieve sustainable development planning, particularly in Malta, thus ensuring a more resilient society in future. The Chamber’s website is www.kmap.org.mt and email info.kmap@gmail.com . Anthony Ellul, General Secretary, Malta Chamber of Planners NEWS-ITEM-Good-Planning....jpg NEWS-ITEM-Good-Planning....jpg 1/1

13 December 2017 < Back Update on CAPs ‘Healthy Urban Planning’ Project 13 December 2017 The UN Sustainable Development Goals adopted in 2015 and the subsequent New Urban Agenda radically changed the global policy agenda for cities and the context for town planning. In particular they placed an explicit emphasis on the need for the holistic planning of settlements and made challenging commitments to improving health. However, the challenge of integrating this radical policy framework - securing collaboration across urban policy - remains daunting. At the same time this represents an opportunity to redefine and reinvigorate the historic relationship between planning and public health. There remain many barriers to achieving progress such as political, technical and financial barriers which are apparent throughout the Commonwealth. Not the least of these is the widespread chronic lack of capacity in town planning often in the very settlements that are experiencing the greatest pressures of rapid urbanisation. CAP is contributing to addressing this problem by supporting an emerging project , ‘Healthy Urban Planning’, which aims to enhance local capacity to deliver effective and inclusive strategies for managing urbanisation to meet the UN goals. The aim is to use skilled volunteers to augment local planners, other disciplines, politicians and communities in defining planning options and devising practical strategies that integrate health and planning for all. The aim is to complement other initiatives such as international consultancy and the guidance such as the CAP/ Prince’s Foundation project for a Toolkit for Rapid Urbanisation. If you would like further information in the project or wish to get involved please get in touch. Neil Blackshaw, Project leader. neilblackshaw@yahoo.co.uk 2017-Healthy-Urban-Planning-Project-Update.jpg 2017-Healthy-Urban-Planning-Project-Update.jpg 1/1

07 July 2020 < Back Planning for Rapid Urbanisation in a Post Covid19 World Webinar 07 July 2020 Wednesday July 8 2020 12pm BST The Commonwealth Association of Planners is delighted to invite you to the third session in the programme of online events focused on a call to action on sustainable urbanisation across the Commonwealth. This free event is the third in the Sustainable Urbanisation series and will be hosted by the Commonwealth Association of Planners and the Prince's Foundation. It will be chaired by Dyan Currie AM, President of the Commonwealth Association of Planners and will focus on Planning for Rapid Urbanisation in a Post-COVID-19 World . Registration is available here The session will include: A presentation from Maria Monica Salazar from New York University Marron Institute of Urban Management on the scale of the problem of rapid urbanisation A presentation from Ben Bolgar, Senior Director at the Prince's Foundation on their Planning for Rapid Urbanisation Toolkit and Haja Halimah, Development Planning Officer from Bo City Council which is currently testing the Toolkit in Bo, Sierra Leone. A panel discussion on key issues faced in regard to rapid urbanisation in secondary cities, reflections on the Toolkit and key hurdles and solutions. There will be plenty of time for an interactive Q&A section, during which there will be time for live questions from the audience. To sign up to other sessions in the online programme click here , and to sign up to the series of lectures for built environment professionals running in parallel to the main programme click here . We look forward to welcoming you to the event on the 8st July. 1/0

27 June 2018 < Back Cities as Drivers of Economic Growth – Meeting with the Rt Hon Patricia Scotland QC 27 June 2018 Clive Harridge joined representatives from The Prince’s Foundation, the Commonwealth Association of Architects and the Commonwealth Local Government Forum in a meeting with The Rt Hon Patricia Scotland QC, Secretary-General of the Commonwealth at Marlborough House, London to discuss the opportunity provided by urbanisation to help deliver the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. They also discussed the challenges posed by rapid urbanisation, the need to build capacity, strengthen built environment policy and develop toolkits which are of practical use by communities and city leaders throughout the Commonwealth. The Secretary-General recognised that ‘Cities are one of the drivers of economic growth ’ and offered her support to drive forward the cities agenda. The meeting also provided an opportunity for Clive Harridge to present CAPs Survey of the Planning Profession in the Commonwealth which was highly praised. 2018-CAP-Cities-as-drivers-of-2....jpg 2018-CAP-Cities-as-drivers-of....jpg 2018-CAP-Cities-as-drivers-of-2....jpg 1/2

05 March 2018 < Back LSBM Lighthouse - Towards a Common Future: Sustainability 05 March 2018 Secretary- General, Clive Harridge speaks at London School of Business and Management Clive Harridge spoke about the forthcoming Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) at an event organised by the London School of Business and Management (LSBM) as part of the LSBM Lighthouse series of events leading up to CHOGM. The focus of the talk was on sustainable development and how this is being addressed across the Commonwealth. Clive was joined by Arif Zaman (Deputy Director of the Centre for Research and Enterprise at LSBM and Olufinki Alagbala a student at LSBF. Full report on the event 2018-LSBM.jpg 2018-LSBM.jpg 1/1

The Commonwealth Association of Planners welcomes national planning institutions in commonwealth countries. MEMBERSHIP IN CAP Membership in CAP is open to institutes of professional planners in Commonwealth countries, or countries temporarily withdrawn from the Commonwealth. • See our MEMBER INSTITUTES . INDIVIDUALS If you belong to your national organisation and it is a member of CAP, you are already benefitting from CAP membership! If you live in a Commonwealth country but your national planning institute is NOT a CAP member, consider contacting your national organisation and share with them the BENEFITS OF JOINING . Currently, we are considering other Membership options and will soon post details on this page. Are you a young planner? I you are a planning student or have less than 10 years post-qualification experience, learn about the YOUNG PLANNERS’ NETWORK . OTHER WAYS TO GET INVOLVED • To VOLUNTEER, contact annette.odonnell@rtpi.org.uk

COMMONWEALTH WOMEN IN PLANNING NETWORK The Commonwealth Women in Planning (CWIP) Network focuses on gender equality and the participation of women in shaping the built environment. With this goal in mind, CWIP members are exchanging knowledge, expertise, and experience on the role of women in the planning profession and the impact of planning and design on women’s safety, prosperity, and empowerment. Vision To ensure all self-identified women and girls have the social, economic and political power to shape our shared built environment. Goals and Objectives The Commonwealth Women in Planning Network supports CAP in its mission to advance the worldwide promotion of planning as a fundamental part of governance for sustainable human settlement. CWIP is dedicated to providing a gender-based lens through which we can examine the built environment, advance the Sustainable Development Goals , and support women in the Planning profession. CWIP's manifesto proclaims the potential of planning and design to advance gender equality to achieve global economic, social, environmental and cultural objectives in cooperation with CAP member organizations. The Commonwealth Women in Planning Network aims to: Advance the UN Sustainable Development Goals (in particular Goal 5: Gender Equality, Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities, and Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals) through planning practice and research. Advance partnerships with CAP member organizations, UN Women, Women in Cities International, Women Transforming Cities, and others to enhance our collaborative thinking. Provide a collaborative platform to support Women in Planning and other emerging professionals working in the built environment. Promote relevant publications written by CWIP members (including blog entries, journal articles, student research, white papers, and books) to advance information-sharing and collaboration between international planning professionals. Develop a toolkit for professional planners to assist them in applying a gender lens to planning projects and research around the globe. Mary McConnell is now leading the CWIP network. Want to join? CAP member organizations are invited to join our CWIP network. For more information, contact Mary McConnell at capwomeninplanning@gmail.com READ: Engender: City Planning and the Development of the Commonwealth Women in Planning Manifesto New article by Jenna Dutton in Planning West: CELEBRATING THE IMPORTANCE OF WOMEN IN PLANNING ACROSS THE COMMONWEALTH View Manifesto View Action Plan

14 July 2015 < Back Meet CAP's New President 14 July 2015 Dy is the Director of Planning and Environment at the City of Gold Coast (Australia’s second largest local authority) and has extensive experience in leadership and management in strategic planning, business process improvements and development assessmen Dy is the Immediate Past National President and a Fellow of the Planning Institute of Australia and the current President of the Commonwealth Association of Planners representing 40,000 planners across the Commonwealth. Dy is also the Director of Planning and Environment at the City of Gold Coast (Australia’s second largest local authority) and has extensive experience in leadership and management in strategic planning, business process improvements and development assessment. She has a strong track record of delivering major projects across a diverse range of planning programs and enjoys a strong professional network across all levels of government, the development industry and the planning profession. Dy is an Adjunct Associate Professor at the University of Southern Queensland and a Lifetime Honorary Member of the Royal Town Planning Institute. She is also a Fellow of the Urban Development Institute of Australia and is known for her commitment to working with the Development Industry and for her proactive attitude and results driven approach Dyan Currie, FPIA HonRTPI FDIA Former-President-Dy-Currie.png Former-President-Dy-Currie.png 1/1

CONTACT US If you are interested in becoming a member of CAP, please visit our MEMBERSHIP page. Send Thank you. We will be in touch soon.

2022 CAP Planning Awards AND THE WINNERS ARE ... Planning for the Climate Emergency Award WINNER Creating Happier and Greener Communities in Nanumba North Municipality (Ghana) The judges also commended: The Revision of Functional Master Plan and Detailed Area Plan to make the Rajshahi Metropolitan Development Plan (RMDP) Disaster Risk Sensitive (Bangladesh) Planning for Cities & Human Settlements/Plan Making Award WINNER The City of Ekurhuleni Growth Management Strategy (South Africa) The judges also commended: Activities to Enhance Behaviour Change on Sanitation and Form Hygiene Environment in Urban Slums (Khulna City, Bangladesh) Planning for Equitable and Inclusive Cities and Human Settlements WINNER Glasgow Children & Young Peoples Climate Charter (Scotland) Planning for Conservation of the Built & Natural Environment and Cultural Heritage WINNER Milford Opportunities Masterplan (New Zealand) 2022 AWARD SHORTLIST Planning for the climate emergency Chair: Professor Barbara Norman Creating Happier and Greener Communities in Nanumba North Municipality Ghana Participants: Joshua Mumuni, Senior Development Planning Officer in the Local Government Service, Ghana; the Ghana Institute of Planners and the Nanumba North Municipal Assembly This project aims to embed a commitment to environmental sustainability and tackle climate change within the Nanumba North Disaster Preparedness Action Plan. Implementation is key to the activities, including afforestation, agro-forestry and enforcement of building regulations that are designed to reduce the incidence of rainstorms and flooding in communities of the Nanumba North Municipal Assembly. Disaster Preparedness Action Planning has been mainstreamed in the District Medium-Term Development Plans. These activities have been implemented and have created happier and greener communities in Nanumba North Municipality. As part of sustainability of the activities in the Disaster Preparedness Plan, opinion leaders and farmers have been educated on the need to adopt resilient farming practices such as agro-forestry. Revision of Functional Master Plan and Detailed Area Plan to make the Rajshahi Metropolitan Development Plan (RMDP) Disaster Risk Sensitive, Rajshahi, Bangladesh Participants: Rajshahi Development Authority, Asian Disaster Preparedness Center and Data Experts (Pvt) Limited, Rajshahi Development Authority, Asian Disaster Preparedness Centre, Data Experts (Pvt) Limited, Troyee Associates This project aims to reduce the impact of specific hazards (drought, flood, earthquake, fire). Disaster risk reduction measures were mainstreamed into the project, Revision of Functional Master Plan and Detailed Area Plan to make Rajshahi Metropolitan Development Plan (RMDP) Disaster Risk Sensitive, by revisioning the Functional Master Plan and Detailed Area Plan of RMDP 2004-2024. The goal is to reduce the vulnerability of people and infrastructure by identifying appropriate (safe or low-risk) locations for settlement and construction and by defining and applying adequate building standards during plan implementation. Numerous surveys and studies conducted inside the project area presented a precise picture of land use, demography, urbanization, drainage, urban economy, socio-economic conditions, environmental conditions, social and municipal services, transportation, recreation, heritage and tourism, and most importantly, disaster risks. The strategies and recommendations recommended by the sector experts help to achieve the project goals and objectives. Rajshahi Ghana Shortlist Planning for cities and human settlements / Plan making in the Commonwealth Chair: Viral Desai Activities to Enhance Behaviour Change on Sanitation and Form Hygiene Environment in Urban Slums Khulna City of Bangladesh Participants: Community Re-Construction Centre (CRC) and Japan Association of Drainage and Environment (JADE) This project addresses three Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): good health and well-being (Goal-3); clean water and sanitation (Goal-6); and sustainable cities and communities (Goal-11). The results and experiences of the project activity are titled “Activities to Enhance Behaviour Change on Sanitation and Form Hygiene Environment in Urban Slums at Khulna City of Bangladesh” with funding from Japan Fund for Global Environment (JFGE) grant of Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency (ERCA). The City of Ekurhuleni Growth Management Strategy, South Africa Participants : City of Ekurhuleni and BC Gildenhuys & Associates The City of Ekurhuleni's Growth Management Strategy (GMS) was developed in response to a rapidly changing environment. High rates of urbanisation, growing unemployment and a struggling economy, compounded by the impact of COVID-19, have meant that the City Council has had to rethink its spatial planning approach to achieve its long-term development goals. The Growth Management Strategy used new and innovative spatial analysis techniques, underpinned by technology and driven by a strong data and evidence-based methodology. The GMS encapsulates the principles of accountable, responsive, and responsible governance by setting objectives and fact-based guidelines to measure city development performance, formulating an appropriate response to change, and promoting a more sustainable and resilient city form. The strategy's formulation was driven by the view that if we cannot quantify, we cannot measure, and if we cannot measure, we cannot manage. Barbados Physical Development Plan Amendment Participants : Urban Strategies Inc. Barbados is a Small Island Developing State (SIDS) and member of the Commonwealth located in the Eastern Caribbean. It has an area of approximately 430 square kilometres and a population of approximately 287,000. With only a single level of government, planning matters across the island are guided by the Physical Development Plan (PDP), which addresses everything from strategic development policies to land use policies to place-specific community plans. The PDP (2022) integrates sustainability policies that address social, environmental, and economic resiliency relating to human settlement at the national and community scales. Khulna South Africa Planning for equitable and inclusive cities and human settlements Chair: Professor Carole Archer Glasgow Children & Young Peoples Climate Charter Glasgow, Scotland UK Participants: Glasgow City Council The Glasgow Children and Young People’s Climate Charter is an intergenerational declaration and promise, setting out a plan of how the city, and the city’s children, will tackle the climate crisis together. Alexandra Park Revitalization Plan, Toronto, Canada Participants: Urban Strategies Inc. (Cyndi Rottenberg-Walker - CIP), N. Barry Lyon Consultants, Public Interest, BA Group, URS Corp., Levitt-Goodman Architects, Jon Harstone, Halsall Associates, Architects Alliance, DTAH, Novus Environmental, BA Group, GHD, exp, The Atkinson Housing Cooperative Inc. The Revitalization Plan for Alexandra Park creates a new mixed-use, mixed-income neighbourhood for an 18-acre, 1970’s-era social housing complex in Downtown Toronto. Its Toronto Community Housing Corporation (TCHC) tenants, most of whom are first-generation Canadians who identify as visible minorities, were deeply involved in developing the plan. This plan improves accessibility to amenities and community services, provides economic development opportunities, enhances community safety, and offers a greener, more sustainable community. When construction is complete, the site will contain approximately 400 replacement TCHC units, 400 refurbished TCHC units and 1,800 new market units in a mix of apartments, condominiums and townhouses. The plan ensures that there is no displacement of tenants from the community either during construction or afterwards, and that all existing TCHC units will continue to be rented on a rent-geared-to-income basis. Glasgow Planning for the conservation of the built and natural environment and cultural heritage Chair: Jihad Bitar Milford Opportunities Masterplan Milford Sound-Piopiotahi, New Zealand Participants: Boffa Miskell: Jane Rennie (NZPI), Tim Church (NZILA), Yvonne Pfluger (RMLA) and others; Stantec: Russell Halliday, Darren Davis, Andrew Craig, Tom Young The Milford Sound Piopiotahi Masterplan (MOP Masterplan) sets a strategy for land use, transport and infrastructure, ecological conservation, natural hazard management, cultural experience and the operation of tourism within Piopiotahi Milford Sound, Milford Road, Te Anau basin and the surrounding area. The MOP Masterplan distils 16 distinct workstreams to develop an integrated programme of investment, governance and operational change that will optimise tourism and economic development for the region and enhance and protect the distinctive character of place in Milford Sound Piopiotahi. The MOP Masterplan is a holistic effort to dramatically improve a place all New Zealanders hold dear and enables the benefits of Aotearoa New Zealand’s prize attraction to be shared more fully throughout the wider Southland Region. It offers insights and solutions that are applicable for all communities that rely on tourism. Milford